Prof. Shai Shen-Orr of the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine showcased his lab’s trailblazing efforts in harnessing computational tools and innovative methodologies to redefine our understanding of the immune system. A leading immunologist and director of the Zimin Institute of AI Solutions in Healthcare at the Technion and the new Technion Institute for Healthy Aging, his work spans from developing metrics like “immune age” to spearheading global health projects, promising transformative implications for medicine.

Immune Age and Predictive Medicine

One of Prof. Shen-Orr’s standout contributions is the concept of immune age, a metric that quantifies the immune system’s state. This marker has shown predictive power for various health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, paving the way for early diagnosis and intervention.

“Your immune system is a learning system,” Shen-Orr explained, emphasizing how the immune system evolves over time and adapts to environmental challenges. “By understanding an individual’s immune age, health care providers can better predict and manage potential health issues, leading to more personalized and effective treatments.”

Developed using advanced mass cytometry and machine learning, this metric represents a leap in precision medicine, shifting the focus from general health indicators to immune-specific markers.

Bridging the Data-Insight Gap With AI

Prof. Shen-Orr’s research tackles a critical bottleneck in biomedical science: the gap between vast amounts of data and actionable insights. He has pioneered computational disease models that leverage artificial intelligence to improve drug development efficiency. For example, his lab’s algorithm, “Found in Translation,” enhances the predictability of findings from animal models, like mice, to human systems by up to 50%. “We train the computer system to learn the difference between a mouse and a human,” he said.

“Most drugs fail during development. It costs about $2.5 billion to bring a single drug to market, primarily because of failed trials. By improving the translational accuracy between species, we can reduce time, cost, and animal use significantly.”

The Human Immunome Project: A Global Collaboration

One of his most ambitious initiatives, Shen-Orr is co-chief science officer of the Human Immunome Project. This global nonprofit aims to map baseline immune variations across populations, genders, and geographic regions, addressing a fundamental gap in immunological research. The project holds the potential to revolutionize vaccine development and personalized immunotherapies by understanding how different immune systems respond to treatments.

An example that underscores this need is the malaria vaccine. While it demonstrated over 90% efficacy in trials conducted in the U.S., its effectiveness dropped to less than 20% in African populations, a disparity attributed to baseline immune variations.

“We’re at a singularity moment in immunology,” Shen-Orr said. “The tools to measure the immune system comprehensively, along with AI capabilities, have matured. Now is the time to leverage them for global impact.”

From Academia to Real-World Applications

The Technion’s emphasis on translational research is evident in Shen-Orr’s dual roles as an academic leader and entrepreneur. He co-founded CytoReason, a company that integrates AI-driven disease models into pharmaceutical research and development. The platform has already gained traction with leading industry players like Pfizer and Sanofi, demonstrating its potential to streamline drug development and reduce costs.

Moreover, his collaboration with other Technion researchers is pushing the boundaries of innovation. For instance, partnerships exploring the impact of diet on immune health are underway, aiming to create tailored nutritional solutions for aging populations.

Shen-Orr also advocates for equipping biologists and clinicians with computational and data science skills to harness the explosion of data in immunology. The Technion’s curriculum now incorporates quantitative thinking from the first year of medical school, preparing future physicians to engage with cutting-edge technologies.

Looking Ahead

Prof. Shen-Orr’s work exemplifies the Technion’s commitment to groundbreaking science with tangible societal benefits. By bridging biology, AI, and global collaboration, his research not only advances our understanding of the immune system but also lays the foundation for a future where medicine is predictive, personalized, and precise.

His collaborative efforts with institutions like Stanford University and the National Institutes of Health aim to deepen our understanding of immune health and develop new diagnostic tools and therapies. “We are studying the effects of the environment and pollution on immune health,” for example.

As he puts it, “We’re moving toward a world with less trial and error and more informed decisions in medicine. The immune system, with all its complexity, is the key to unlocking this future.”

From predictive medicine to global health initiatives, Shen-Orr’s work is paving the way for a deeper understanding of the immune system and its applications in improving human health. As the field continues to evolve, the Technion remains at the cutting edge, driving innovation and collaboration in immunology research.

What if the digital world offered not just sight and sound but also the ability to feel?

Imagine a future where technology allows us not only to see and hear each other from great distances but also to feel  – examining a sick patient or tucking in a grandchild from across the globe. Techion Professor Lihi Zelnik-Manor is on a mission to hone technologies that will realize these possibilities.

“I love thinking about the applications of technologies that simulate the sensation of touch: providing medical professionals with new tools, helping people who are blind, and even enabling family members to virtually touch one another across geographical distances,” she says. “The extraordinary promise of such technologies motivates my work.”

The challenge of simulating touch — especially textures — is decades away from full realization. Currently, haptic systems, systems that relate to the sensation of touch, rely on simple vibration motors to simulate touch. These motors are used to provide sensory feedback in devices like haptic gloves or robotic arms, which allow users to “feel” when they grip an object. However, when it comes to simulating detailed textures like the roughness of concrete or the smoothness of fabric, the technology has been limited.

Prof. Zelnik-Manor is working on new innovations that aim to replicate the tactile experience of touching real-world textures. In one experiment, she and her team built a tablet with air pressure systems, which resembled an air hockey table, to simulate tactile feedback and explore the possibility of conveying images to blind individuals through touch. The project faced challenges as the team ultimately realized that humans struggle to understand complex spatial layouts through touch alone. Nonetheless, the experiment provided valuable information about haptic technology.

In a more promising recent experiment, Prof. Zelnik-Manor aimed to create a small device that resembled a computer mouse which could provide tactile feedback for users to recognize textures — a “haptic mouse” with an array of vibrating pins. The pins simulate various textures by stimulating the finger in a way that mimics the sensation of touching real surfaces. The device capitalizes on the brain’s ability to reconstruct textures as users move their fingers across the pins.

The device was tested against real-world 3D-printed materials, and results showed that while the device was not as accurate as physically touching the materials, it was still effective. In the experiment, participants were able to recognize textures with 86% accuracy using the haptic device, compared to 97% accuracy with the 3D-printed surfaces. The recognition process was slower with the device, taking around two minutes versus one minute with the 3D prints. Despite these limitations, the experiment demonstrated the potential of virtual haptic feedback for texture recognition, moving beyond basic tactile tasks to more complex real-world textures.

One of the most exciting applications of haptic technology lies in medicine, particularly in laparoscopic surgery. Surgeons currently rely on visual feedback to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy tissue. If haptic feedback could be integrated into surgical tools, doctors could “feel” the difference between tissues, improving precision and reducing errors. This advancement could be a game-changer in procedures like tumor removal or organ surgery.

The future of touch is just beginning to unfold. As research progresses, the digital world will become more immersive, offering not just sight and sound but also the ability to feel. Though such progress will take decades to achieve, Prof. Zelnik-Manor believes the charge fits squarely within the realm of academia and the mission of the Technion.

“To work on problems whose solutions lie 20 or 30 years in the future, this is the domain of academia,” she says. “While industry is driven to tackle problems with more near-term results, we as Technion researchers have the challenge and privilege of working on deeper, more complex mysteries.”

Technion plays a crucial role in Israel’s infrastructure, security and economy. Industries in which it has made life-changing advancements include energy, water and healthcare, and it’s impossible to look at the diverse student body, 20 per cent of whom are Arab, and not feel hope.

There’s a saying – conveyed in many ways – that to love another, one must first love oneself. Given, then, that the very foundation of Israel hinged on the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, it is no wonder that the country loves it so.

Described as the technological backbone of the country even before its establishment – expressed by the New York Times quite perfectly as “Israel’s hard drive” – the Technion was crucial in the infrastructure, security and economy necessary for the state’s survival, and without which it would simply not exist today.

Set up decades before the state of Israel was established through the prism of Zionism by visionaries including Israel’s first president, Chaim Weizmann, and Theodor Herzl, it was understood that if the country was not only to survive but to thrive, it needed to invest in science and technology. A Jewish state alone would never be enough; it needed to benefit the entire world, starting with the local Arab population – more on this soon.

Rapid progress in biotechnology, drug development, and stem-cell technology.

For before anything else, without the means to defend itself, Israel could not survive, let alone make advancements in any other area. Fortunately, the Technion’s role in the country’s security is no less prevalent today than it was in the years leading up to and immediately after the state’s establishment. Missile defence systems, such as the remarkable Iron Dome developed by Technion alumnus Chanoch Levin that has saved thousands of lives and, most recently, David’s Sling and Iron Beam, as well as underground tunnel detection devices and drone technology, are just a few examples of the role the Israel Institute of Technology has supported in the protection of Israel and its citizens, through a plethora of disciplines offered at the university such as aerospace, engineering and computer science.

In this area the Technion has form; on March 17, 1948, just two months before Israel’s founding, the Haganah recruited physics and chemistry students from the university, among others, to Givatayim, where a radar detection unit was set up. Similarly, it continues to play a pivotal role in securing the country and its people, most recently in the ongoing war since October 7. There are too many examples to list, but they include some 3,000 students – 21 per cent of the student body – being called up as reservists and supported by the university with financial, psychological and educational help. Others include the Faculty of Medicine’s transformation of what usually functions as a car park in peacetime to a 2,000-bed fortified underground hospital and the establishment of the “Give Help, Get Help” scheme, which has been responsible for hosting dozens of internally displaced people, opening schools on campus for Technion staff children, clearing out bomb shelters, baking challah, organising blood drives, giving haircuts to soldiers and donating packages.

Companies including Google, Microsoft, IBM, Qualcomm, Yahoo!, Hewlett-Packard and others have established their operation near or even on campus, where they can take advantage of the Technion’s research power and outstanding graduates.

It’s because of all this that the Technion has also been able to live up to the nickname of “the Startup Nation”. According to Stanford Graduate School of Business research, the Technion is 25 times more likely to produce a US-based unicorn startup than any other non-US university. Industries in which the institute has made life-changing advancements include energy, water and health (with groundbreaking inventions such as the PillCam – a tiny, wireless, capsule-encased camera the size of a jelly bean and small enough to be swallowed, which hundreds of UK hospitals are using – and novel drug Rasagiline to treat Parkinson’s disease, approved by the American Food and Drug Administration in 2006).

Yet perhaps we need only look closer to home when we answer why Israel loves the Technion. Circling back to our earlier point of how the Israel Institute of Technology benefits not only the Jewish people but its Arab population, too, it’s impossible to look at the diverse makeup of the student body, 20 per cent of whom are Arab, and not feel an overwhelming sense of hope for the future.

It’s clear that the Technion feels exactly the same about Israel as Israel feels about the Technion, and there’s nothing quite like requited love, is there?

Proteins, the pillars of cellular function, often assemble into “complexes” to fulfill their functions. A study by the University of Geneva (UNIGE) and the Weizmann Institute, in collaboration with the Technion, reveals why this assembly often begins during the very process of protein synthesis or “birth.”

These early interactions involve proteins whose stability depends on their association. They can be compared to a couple in which each partner supports the other. This model paves the way for new strategies to understand and correct assembly errors, which are often associated with pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders and certain cancers. The findings are published in the journal Cell.

Proteins are large molecules composed of a chain of amino acids. They are produced by the ribosome, a cellular “machine” that reads the instructions contained in messenger RNAs. Once the protein is formed, interactions between the amino acids induce the chain to fold onto itself and adopt a specific structure. While some proteins function independently, many must assemble with specific partners into complexes to fulfill their roles.

The formation of these complexes is a delicate process. If proteins fail to find their partners or fold incorrectly, this can lead to cellular dysfunction and pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease or certain cancers. Until very recently, scientists believed that proteins only formed complexes after being fully synthesized (post-translational assembly).

However, the recent study revealed that assembly between nascent proteins—co-translational assembly—is widespread. This study identified thousands of proteins involved but did not determine the specific pairs of proteins formed or the molecular signatures underlying this early recognition.

Thousands of protein structures analysed

The group led by Emmanuel Levy, a full professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at the UNIGE Faculty of Science—previously a professor at the Weizmann Institute—in collaboration with the group of Ayala Shiber, a professor at the Technion, focuses on the fundamental principles governing protein self-organization. In other words, these scientists aim to identify the general rules of protein assembly.

For this study, the team analyzed a list of proteins involved in co-translational assembly. By comparing their structures to those of proteins that assemble after translation, they were able to establish fundamental differences between these two mechanisms

“Our bioinformatics analyses revealed that proteins interacting with their partners while still being synthesized tend to be unstable when isolated. These proteins depend on their partners and if they do not find it, they adopt a wrong shape and get degraded,” explains Saurav Mallik, a researcher at the Weizmann Institute and co-first author of the study.

A predictive model

“Using this approach, we developed a model based on a large corpus of structural data, using both experimentally determined structures and those predicted by the artificial intelligence software AlphaFold. Our model leveraged structural properties of a complex to predict whether it associated co- or post-translationally,” add Johannes Venezian and Arseniy Lobov, co-first authors of the study. The scientists notably discovered that binding sites are exposed early in these proteins, enabling them to interact with their partner shortly after emerging from the ribosome.

These predictions were validated using experimental data focused on several proteins. “These findings pave the way for a better understanding of protein assembly within cells and highlight the global impact of protein structure on the regulation of their synthesis,” says Levy.

Many diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and certain cancers, are linked to misfolded proteins or defective complexes. By understanding the rules of co-translational assembly, scientists could develop strategies to prevent these errors and design new therapeutic approaches to correct them.

What if we could provide groundbreaking accessibility solutions to people with disabilities?

How can technology be harnessed to offer unique solutions to people with disabilities? The Technion has designed a new course to empower students to do just that through social-technological entrepreneurship. Open to all Technion students as well as University of Haifa physiotherapy students, the course fosters interdisciplinary collaboration to address real-world challenges.

Students will explore topics such as accessibility, the psychology of people with disabilities, and principles from biomedical engineering, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy. Visits to Loewenstein Rehabilitation Hospital and Sheba Medical Center will provide firsthand insights into rehabilitation needs, enriching the learning experience.

Dr. Yacov Malinovich, the course leader, highlighted its timely significance: “Awareness of the needs of disabled people has increased, and this has become even more important in light of the ongoing war. Developing suitable technologies for rehabilitation offers students and engineers an opportunity to directly improve people’s well-being. Israel has extensive knowledge in this field, with examples like unique wheelchairs, emergency bracelets, and special surfboards.”

Dr. Malinovich, a founder of Haifa3D, brings expertise in designing assistive devices for individuals with upper limb disabilities. Haifa3D’s impactful work includes creating robotic hands for children and collaborating with the Technion’s Biorobotics and Biomechanics Lab to develop customized solutions.

“The new course will feature guests from various academic and rehabilitation institutions,” explained Dr. Malinovich. “By connecting with rehabilitation centers and individuals with disabilities, we aim to create technological solutions that truly assist those in need. Each student team will submit a product as their final project.”

Held in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, the course is a collaboration between t:hub – the Technion Innovation and Entrepreneurship Hub, the University of Haifa’s Physiotherapy Department, and the Technion Social Incubator. Offering six academic credits, it provides students with hands-on experience to develop innovative solutions that can transform lives.

In the time it takes to read this article, several people in the United States will likely experience a heart attack — according to the CDC, someone in the US suffers from one every 40 seconds.

That morbid statistic highlights the importance of coronary artery disease detection methods, and companies developing them.

One such company is Israeli startup AccuLine, which recently secured $4.2 million in seed funding for the development and commercialisation of its CORA (Coronary Artery Risk Assessment) system, designed to improve the early detection of coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of heart attacks.

CORA detects two bio-signals in the heart’s electrical activity, providing insights into coronary artery health. The system uses artificial intelligence and machine-learning algorithms to analyse this data, identifying patterns that may indicate CAD.

The CORA assessment improves upon current CAD diagnostic tools by means of a noninvasive, radiation-free test that evaluates three vital signs — the heart’s electrical activity, oxygen saturation levels and respiratory phase — in four minutes.

The system is designed to be operated by medical staff in various healthcare settings, with immediate results. By potentially replacing some existing stress test examinations, CORA could reduce medical expenses while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.

AccuLine, based in Petah Tikva, estimates the market potential for the technology at $7 billion annually in the United States.

The company has conducted two clinical studies in Israel to validate CORA’s diagnostic capabilities. The first involved 100 participants, while the second, larger study included 300 participants across seven medical centers. A third study is planned for next year in the US to seek US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

“Diagnosing patients at very early stages of risk for CAD without invasive testing will add value to patients, healthcare systems, doctors and insurance organisations,” said AccuLine cofounder and CEO Moshe Barel.

“This test has the potential to save millions of lives a year and save hundreds of millions of dollars for healthcare systems on unnecessary tests or expensive treatments for patients after a heart attack, including rehabilitation and medication.”

“Stay positive,” we’re told when suffering from an illness. It’s easy to dismiss such comments as platitudes from well-meaning friends. But Technion scientists have demonstrated that activation of the brain’s reward system can boost recovery from a heart attack. Establishing the connection between the two can potentially lead to therapeutic avenues for intervention.

“It’s time that both researchers and clinicians take the link between psychology and physiology seriously,” said Technion Associate Professor Asya Rolls, a psychoneuroimmunologist and pioneer in mind-body interactions.

Scientists have previously shown that the emotional state can influence the course of disease following a heart attack. But until now, the underlying physiological mechanisms were not well understood.

Prof. Rolls worked with renowned cardiac researcher Professor Lior Gepstein and Hedva Haykin, Ph.D. ’23, in the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine to manipulate the area of the brain responsible for inducing positive emotion and motivation in heart-diseased mice. The stimulation resulted in a favorable immune response that helped heal cardiac scarring, increased blood vessel formation, and improved cardiac performance. Their work, published in Nature Cardiovascular Research, found that these beneficial effects on the heart are mediated in part by the secretion of C3, a protein of the body’s “complement system,” which is the front line of defense for the immune system.

Since there are many non-invasive methods for stimulating the reward system in humans, such as drugs, biofeedback, and focused ultrasound, the team’s discovery could have meaningful future implications for the treatment of heart attacks.

“You can call something psychosomatic, but in the end, it’s somatic,” said Prof. Rolls. “How long can we ignore what is there?”

Prof. Asya Rolls is part of a growing group of scientists who are mapping out the brain’s control over the body’s immune system responses. Her earlier research has made inroads into understanding and treating autoimmune diseases such as Crohn’s disease, and has even shown that triggering the brain’s reward system can stop tumor growth in mice.

Prof. Lior Gepstein is the director of the Cardiology Department at Rambam Health Care Campus and an academic staff member in the Technion’s Faculty of Medicine. His diverse research has explored the generation of heart tissue from human embryonic stem cells, treatment for cardiac arrythmias, and the development of a biological pacemaker.

Dr. Hevda Haykin recently completed her doctoral studies under the supervision of Profs. Rolls and Gepstein, and was awarded the Israel Heart Society’s J.J. Kellerman Young Investigator Award for 2024.

Maayan Kinsbursky, a graduate of the advanced degree program in industrial design at the Technion, has won the international Red Dot Design Award for her master’s project. The award ceremony will take place in Singapore on October 10, and the project will subsequently be exhibited at the Red Dot Design Museum, also in Singapore. The project was supervised by Assistant Professor Yoav Sterman, former innovation manager at Nike, and a faculty member in the industrial design program headed by Prof. Ezri Tarazi, in the Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning.

Proteins are important biological compounds that can form amyloid structures, which have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, where the accumulation of abnormal amyloid aggregates (plaques) disrupts brain function. Our current research examined whether we should be concerned over the formation of amyloids in processed food, and it reveals positive aspects to this question in the context of their digestive fate.

From L to R: Prof. Meytal Landau, Alon Romano, Gil Rafael

Amyloid structures, it turns out, lead to a slow breakdown of the protein progenitors in the digestive system and promote positive changes in the colon. In fact, these changes resemble those of “regular” dietary fibers found in fruits and whole grains. Moreover, the bacteria in our gut prefer amyloids over “naked” undigested proteins, which may lead to negative effects such as adverse fermentation in the intestines.

Graphical abstract: Left – Amyloid consumption in food, and their journey through the digestive system. Right – Creation of amyloids from eggs and whey protein

Proteins are essential components in body structure and function, and it is now clear that proper protein consumption is important for human health and can even affect various behaviors such as appetite, hunger, and fatigue. Against this background, extensive efforts are being made to develop diverse protein-rich nutritional solutions for those who seek to tone down consumption of animal products. This is the backdrop for the positive findings emerging from the research published in Food Hydrocolloids.

The researchers focused on proteins from eggs and dairy to show case that protein-amyloids formed in processed foods may:

  1. Gradually break down in the upper digestive system, potentially promoting slower and more controlled absorption of proteins into the body.
  1. Assist in preserving the microbial diversity in the intestines; in particular, it was found that they maintain a low ratio between two important bacterial communities (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes). This ratio indicates the health of the gur microbiota, whereas an unbalanced diet encourages an increase in this ratio which has been correlated with increased risk of disease (obesity, diabetes, and cancer).

From a wider viewpoint, the research demonstrates the inherent potential in food processing to enhance potential to promote health. According to Prof. Lesmes: “Today, we know how to precisely control and formulate foods and to estimate through models developed in my lab, how different food components will be digested in the body of different consumers. Together with innovative research tools, this scientific approach will help us understand the fate of proteins and innovative food components in the bodies of different consumers and may even facilitate development of personalized dietary choices. I believe that this research opens up new avenues for understanding the potential of “smartly” processed food to expand human nutrition sources and improve health.”

The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute at the Technion. The authors also thank the Smoler Proteomics Center at the Technion and Dana Benjamin from the Koren Lab at Bar Ilan University.

Even before the establishment of the State of Israel, faculty, students, and alumni of the Technion helped develop and manage water resources in a desert land. They contributed to the national water carrier that brought water from the Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) in the north to the drylands in the south. They improved technologies for water treatment, desalination, and drip irrigation. These efforts have turned Israel from a water-deficient to a water-abundant country.  

Today, Israel leads the world in water reclamation, recycling more than 90% of its wastewater for use in agriculture and industry. No longer reliant on the Kinneret, Israel’s five desalination plants provide the bulk of the country’s drinking water. Complex systems carry diverse water types from diverse water sources for diverse water needs. 

But far from resting on its laurels, improving the sustainability and quality of water and water management facilities remains a major priority for Israel and for the Technion. The University established the Stephen and Nancy Grand Water Research Institute (GWRI) in 1993 to address these challenges through science, technology, engineering, and policy development.  

The GWRI comprises more than 40 researchers from various faculties, including civil, environmental, mechanical, and chemical engineering, as well as chemistry, biotechnology, and more. They publish about 200 papers a year on topics from water resource management to aquaculture systems to feed a burgeoning world population. While its focus is on the needs of Israel, it is also very much involved internationally. 

“One-third of the world’s population lives under water scarcity conditions,” said Professor Eran Friedler, director of the GWRI and the Henry Goldberg Academic Chair in the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering. He is also a Technion alumnus, having received a Ph.D. in environmental engineering in 1994.  

FROM LEFT: PROF. DAVID BRODAY; PROF. ERAN FRIEDLER; ILAN KATZ, CEO AND CTO OF H2OLL; AND LIRON HOUBER, STUDENT.

“The number will only increase due to population growth, urbanization, and climate change. And this can lead to political instability and refugees,” Prof. Friedler added. 

And that’s the reason he co-invented a system that produces clean water from the air with a colleague, Professor David Broday. Their atmospheric water generator harvests air moisture by an innovative continuous liquid desiccant system. Energy is only invested when condensing the vapor into liquid water. It even works in desert regions and can run on solar energy. They founded a startup, H2OLL, to commercialize the product. 

Prof. Friedler’s area of expertise in developing alternative water resources and improving delivery systems extends to research on wastewater reuse and methodologies to harvest rainwater. He is looking into ways to store rainwater in tanks that can be released when the water flow in drainage pipes is low. This rainwater can be used in toilets, washing machines, and dishwashers. And with some treatment, it could be used for drinking water. 

“With climate change, rain events are going to be more severe. If we can store the water through harvesting, we can reduce the amount of drainage water in cities while supplying water to various uses.” 

Other GWRI researchers are working on ways to reduce the environmental impact in water treatment and desalination. Some are working on organic methods to remove pollutants. 

“Even at the end of the traditional treatment process, there are still pollutants in very small concentrations that are not removed,” said Professor Yael Dubowski. “Residues of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products — we don’t know enough about the problems they could cause when water containing them is used for agriculture.” 

PROF. YAEL DUBOWSKI USES VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET VERY SHORT WAVELENGTH RADIATION TO REMOVE POLLUTANTS IN WATER WITHOUT CHEMICALS.

Prof. Dubowski has investigated a chemical-free advanced oxidation process that is based solely on ultraviolet light. Such radiation breaks the water molecules and generates the radicals needed for pollutants’ oxidation. It holds promise for an additional step in the water treatment process. 

Associate Professor Adi Radian is studying the natural, positive processes that occur in the environment to breakdown pollutants. She wants to mimic them to improve remediation in engineered systems. 

“Clay minerals are plentiful, cheap, natural, nontoxic, and have huge surface areas,” she explained. “Clay is often used to soak up spills and bad smells — think cat litter.” Prof. Radian is working on changing the chemistry of clay to make it adsorb (bring to the surface) rather than absorb pollutants. Depending on the properties of the pollutant, she can change the properties of the clay.  

ASSOC. PROF. ADI RADIAN HAS DEVELOPED A WAY TO REMOVE TOXIC PFAS (PERFLUOROALKYL AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES) LIKE TEFLON AND OTHER NONSTICK MATERIALS FROM WATER.

She has already had great success with removing “forever chemicals” from water systems. These are toxic substances like Teflon and other nonstick materials that repel water. Using iron oxide coated-clay together with cyclodextrin polymers, she was able to remove 90% of them from contaminated water in just minutes. 

Since Israel has been using desalinated water for drinking and reclaimed wastewater for agriculture in greater quantities and longer than any other country, Profs. Friedler, Dubowski, and Radian, and other Technion researchers are sure to play a major role in solving the world’s water scarcity problems. They acknowledge that the key is finding environmentally sustainable and affordable means to do it.  

Most of us recognize the tell-tale signs of ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) — the fidgety child who blurts out an answer before the question is completed; the adult who starts new tasks before finishing the old. Still, there is no clear-cut diagnosis, and students have faked symptoms to receive medication that helps them focus and pull all-nighters.  

Now technology based on 12 years of research conducted at the Technion appears to accurately detect, measure, and quantify impaired attention by observing eye-blinking patterns to particular sounds. Israeli company MindTension, which narrowly escaped tragedy on October 7, developed a medical device that tests the brainstem’s Moro reflex, or response to startle sounds. Children who retain this involuntary startle response past infancy are hypersensitive to outside stimuli and often demonstrate symptoms commonly linked with ADHD.  

Currently, an ADHD diagnosis is based on questionnaires and other exams that can be vulnerable to bias, backed up only 10% of the time by computerized tests that have proved to be inadequate. MindTension’s device employs a proprietary algorithm that quantifies the patient’s attention levels and deficits objectively and precisely, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and treatment.   

“We provide a precise diagnosis in 5 minutes with an EMG-based (electromyography) response to brief auditory stimuli,” said MindTension chief scientist Avi Avital, a Haifa University faculty member who previously headed the Behavioral Neuroscience Lab at the Technion. Avital co-founded the company with CEO and Technion alum Zev Brand, M.E. ’08.  

Beyond diagnosing ADHD, MindTension scientists say their device could save lives by detecting attention deficits in pilots, surgeons, and truck drivers due to lack of sleep or long shifts. 

Approximately 9.5% of children and 2.6% of adults in the U.S. are diagnosed with ADHD. MindTension’s device is undergoing the process of FDA approval in the U.S. and plans to launch a large clinical trial in Israel and at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York to test and prove the accuracy of its algorithms.  

Despite its location in Kibbutz Nir Am near the Gaza border, MindTension offices remained unscathed on October 7. The kibbutz security officer was alerted early that morning, took up armed positions at the gate, and ensured its members sheltered in safe rooms.